System of motor control.



fim 798,342.

PATENTED AUG. 29, 1905.

G. H. HILL. SYSTEM OF MOTORGONTR OL.

.MBFLIGATXON PILED SEPT- 3Q, 1903.

2 SHEHTS SBBET 1.

071 (9/770)? GEORGE H. HILL N 59 sur ing the progression of thecontroller-con- Y UNITEDISTATES pA -pnnrr onsron.

esoiuni H. I-uLL; or StlilCNEQ'lfAI-W, v ELE -"lRlC cor [mamaoonrona'rloN OF NEW YORK.

NEW YQRK, ASSIG'N OR TO GENERAL SYSTEM OF Moi-on CONTROL.

Patented Aug. 29, 1905.

Aprilication filed September 30, 1903. Serial No. l75 l76.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnomes H. HILL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems ofMotor Control, of which the following is'a specification;

' ."My invention relates to systems of control for electri'e motors, andmore particularly to systems employing controllers of theseparately-actuated conmct type in which the con-'- .itactsare operatedsuccessively. to produce an automatic accele'ration'of the motorsthrough series or parallel or through series and parallel, and "relatesmore specifically to the con-' struction and arrangement of: the devicesused forjcontrolling the successive operation of saidcontacts-thatis,-the devices which control'the rate of acceleration ofthe motors.

My invention-constitutes an improvement on the-system shown anddescribed in my application, Serial No. 113.067, filed'.June 25, 1902.In saidapplication I have disclosed a system in which themotor-controller contacts are automatically operated in successionand inwhich the progression may he stopped at any desired point. Two circuits"are providedfor the actuating-coils of the motor-controller contacts,one an actuatingcirr-uit and the other a maintaining-circuit,

and the master controller-contacts are so arranged that theactuating-circuit may be opened and the progressive operation of them0t0r c0ntroller contacts stopped without opening themaintaining-circuit, which operates tohold the contacts closed afterthey have been operated. Provision is thus made forchecking the cuttingout of resistance at any point .by the movement of the masterswitch ,andthe motorman can operate at any speed he desires independently of theautomatic progression. Furthermore, the automatic progression is checkedby an automatically-actuated switch or relay whenever the current inthemotor-circuit is too high, the progression continuirig' when thecurrent in said motor-circuit falls below a predetermiued valueh In thesystem J .own in said applicationarrangement is-also unideforintactsiirstin seriesandv then in multiple rela tion of the motorsthrough the'successive i-e-y;

*ating circuitopenu'nti 'the' actuating-coil of sziidfhecking-relay isopened byiueans of anindependentoverload or underload relayconnectedinthe motor-- out and the motors are connected in parallel,

even though the motor-man throws the handle of the master-switchdirectly to its full multiple position. In anotherapplication, SerialNo; 113,454, filed June 27, 1902, I have shown means for retarding theautomatic successive operation of the contacts byprodueing a retardedstep by step "movement known as notehing up. fThisis accomplished in thepreferred arrangement by"means of a checking magnet any, which opens theactuatingcircuit whenever contact is operate'dand m ntainssaidactdlieeircuit through circuit.

According tomy' presentI inVentiOn I combineth'e checking re'lay withtheoverload-relay, whichis'operated whenever the current in'themotorcircuit rises .above'a predetermined value." This combined checking andoverload relay is ada'ptedto open the actuating-circuit, andtherebyip'revent fnrther'progression of the contacts and maintainingsaid actuating-circuit open until the current in the motor-circuit hasfallento a predetermined value. By combining the checking-relay and theoverload-relay'in asingle structure I produee a notching-up"deyicewhichis simpler and much more sensitive than two independent relays and onewh ch requires less change in motor-current strength'to operate itefi'ectively. I In conneotion with said combined checking and overlcad''relay I prefer to employ an underload-relay, which is adapted to openthesaid actuating-circuit whenever the motor coritrollercurrent in themotor-circuit falls below a predetermined amount.

My invention further comprises improve-- ments in theconstructionfandarrangement of the checking and overload relay, which is preferablyprovided with means whereby it- 'may be adjusted to respondto anypredetermined strength of current in the motor-circuit and may be set tooperate between verynarrowiimits and also with means for-retarding themovements of the relay.

My invention further consists of improvemerits in the multiplecontrolling switch or relay and' the controlling devices therefor, whichwill be hereinafter described, and spar cilically stated 1n the appendedclaims.

ductor 5, if so desired.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates diagrammatically asmuch of the equipment of a single car in a train-control system as isnecessary to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation ofthe preferred form of my improved combined checking and overload relay.Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the relay,-taken on line 3 3, Fig. 2.motor-controller contact equipped with auxiliary switches, and Fig. 5 isa perspective view of the auxiliary switches and the mounting therefor.I

Referring now to Fig. l, the separatelyactuated contacts of themotor-controller, which control the operation of the'motors M and M, areindicated by T, Tf, R to R, inclusive, S, and P P. The-contacts T T areknown as the line-contacts and control the connection between thetrollcyor collector shoe T and the conductor 5. The frame on which thecontacts are mountedis constructed of conducting material and may formthecon- R", inclusive, control the connections betweensaid-conductor 5and the motors and regulate the amount of resistance connected in themo- 7 tor-circuit andwill hereinafter be known as resistance-controllingcontacts. The contacts R" to R, inclusive, will also be known asresistancewarying contacts. The re- 7 sistance-se'ctions which areadapted to be connected in the motor-circuit are-represented by 6 to 12,inclusive, and are comb ned to 'vary the motor-circuit resistance inamanner The contacts S to be hereinafter described. and l I control,respectively, the series and parallel connections for the motors M and MThe actuating-coils of the controllercontacts are connected to thetrain-wires 1 to 1, inclusive, through the automatic actuating mechanismto be hereinafter described. The

master-controllers G and C, located at any desired points on the carortrain, are'also connected with the BHUIPWIIBS 1 to t, inclusive, whichare connected to corresponding trainwires in theother cars of the trainby means of the couplers B. One of the m..steicontrolling-switches C isshown in development in a manner customarily used in illustrating such.a structure and C( an prises contact-lingers l to z), inclusive, and thecontact-segments 1", 2", 1", 2", and .3" to f)", inclusive, carried bythe movable member of said switch. The series positions of said mastercontrollingswitch are represented by the dotted lines s. s and s s, andthe parallel positions are represented by p and p p". The actuatingcoilsof the contactsof the llIOUHrCUHlDlOll0! are adapted to be connected inan actuatingcircuit, and then as the said contacts are successivelyoperated the'coils are shifted over into a maintaining-circuit, whilethe actuating-circuit is completed through the act uati ugcoil of thenext contactin advance. This is Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of a Thecontacts R to relay.

accomplished; by. means of auxiliary switches operatively connected tothe controller-contacts. The actuating-circuit operates in part throughthe auxiliary contacts 13 to 27, inelusive, which are controlled by theauxiliary switch members d and d, carried by the contacts R to. R,inclusive. After said actu ating-coilshave operated their respectivecontacts they are connected in the maintainingcircuit whioh operates inpart through the auxiliary contacts 28 to 39, inclusive, controlled bythe auxiliary sw itch members (i a and d, carried by'the contacts Rf toR, inclusive.

Certain of said auxiliary contacts are included in both of said circuitsduring certain parts of the automatic progression of th'e'contacts. Theauxiliary switch 40, operatively connected with the contact S, islocated in the circuit whiehj includes the actuating-coils of theparallel contac't P P and prevents the closing of said parallel circuitwhile the, contact Sis operated; .The auxiliary switch 41, operativelyconnected with on of the contacts P, is connected'in the circuit whichincludes the actu siting-coil of the seriescontact S and prevents theoperation of said .eontactS whenever the parallel contacts are operated,The auxiliary contacts 53 and 64, controlled by the auxiliary' switchmembers don the motor-controller contacts R and R, respectivelycoopcrate with the auxiliary switch; 55, carried by one of the line-contactsT to prevent the completion of the motor-circuit in 'series and inparallel unless the line-switch is closed and the motors are properlyprotected byresistance'that is, unless the first resistance varyingcontact is open. The resistance 'r' is, used for the purpose of cuttingdown the current flowing through the actuating-coils of the line--contacts-1" T. The resistances TtOJ', inclusive, are adapted to beinserted in their re-" spective control-circuits to compensate for theresistance of the actuating-coils, so as to maintain an approximatelyconstant current strength in the controlling-circuits through out theprogressive operation of the controller-contacts. The resistance 1' islarger than therein-aim ng resistance-sections,since it'compensates fora goat number of actuatingcoils. The combined checking and ovle'r-loadrelay is represented by E, the actii'ating coil of said relay beingconnected inthc actuatingcircuit in series with the contacts 44 of saidThe actuating-coil 43 isadapted to open the actuating-circuit, andconsequently its own circuit, at the contacts 44 whenever the said coilis energized. The overload or maintaining coil 42 of said relay E isconnected in the motor-circuit in series with the motors. .The relay Eis provided withalos't motion device, (indicatediliagrammatically at 70,Fig. l, but shown more clearly in Fig. 2,) which allows the core tomoveaconsi lerable distance irto the coil 4? before the circuit through saidcoil is broken at the contacts 44.

too

allows suflicient time for one of the controllertheahxiliary'contacts60, controls, the conthe multiple: and ser es cont rol circuits .in a

. -the .p r eterred forni ofmy improved combined checking and overloadrelay. The actuatingtension '75 screw-threaded, and weights "-ment ofthe core'M; Surrounding the upper end of the n1ovabl e core 74 is abushing of graphiteorpthcr self-lu hricating material 74,

which snugly the ,tube or evlinde-r 74:". ilin smay be 'nadein theEorm'ot' a dish of silt-htly-larger diameter than the core- 74 andling-relay whitzh controls the operation of the bracket mama-baa formedon its lower end open position when moved into said position-'respectively, withthe outer end of the arm 78. Thesaid spring alsoserves to-producc a snap action of th'econtact-fingers 80 in opening andthe purpose of adjusting the relay so that it will respond to diiferentcurrent strengths in the motor-Tcir'cuit and also to retard the upplaceof theweights 85.

: he'l'ost-motion, device allows the actuatingcircuit to be energizedfor an appreciable length of time before it is opened, and thus contactsjto-be' operated. The actuating-coil 469mm underload-relay K isconnected in the motor-circuit in shunt to the field of the 'tgrilvffandis adapted to'open the said acat pjg circuit'at the contacts 4.5.whenever lie-current .in theinotor-circiutfalls below a predeterminedvalue. The multiple controlseries-and multiple contacts of themotor-controller is repres ented by H, and its actuatingcoilAJ, theenergization of which is controlled bythemotor-eontroller contact "R" through tacts 18, '49, and 5Q,'.,;which are connected .in

manner tobeihereinaftcr;described, v In Figs. 2 and 31 have shown asectional elevatlonland sectional I plan,-; respecti'vel y, 'of

coil. (43 the-overload or retaining coil 42 are supportdo'n the'panel? 1by means of the brackets .72and Z3}, 1. The movablecore 7 4 of saidrelay operates :through an opening in the by the engagement of thecollars 76 and 7 7 closing the switch; The lower end of the exare heldin position on saidextension by m'eans of the thumb-nut 86. Theseweightsare for ward movement of the relay plunger or coreto a slight extent.Other means, such as adjustable springs, may, if desired, be used inMeans are also pro-i vided tor producing a slow downward movemounted onthe upper end of; said core. An opening T2 is formed through the fixedcore l 72, and at the upper end of this opening is formed a valve-s'eaton which rests a ball-valve 72, with means,,such as an adjustablecrossbar 72, for limiting the movement of said ballvalve fromits seat. Adash-pot action is thus produced by the movement of the core 74),allowing said core to move upward freely, since the valve 72 is forcedfrom its seat during such upward movement. but retarding the downwardmovement of said core; This retarding a'ction gives the desired timeinterval between the time the coil 43 is deenergized by the opening ofits circuit at the contacts i4 4 and the time the coil 42 issui'liciently enere actuating-coil is indicated by 88 and is heldrigidly in place on the frame 89 by meansflof.

the brackets 90 and 91.- Fo'r'the sakeof uni-.

formity in the designation ofrcorresponding go partsof themotor-controller contact and 'au'iiiliary switches'Lwill considerthatthe contact shown in F igs i and 5 is' the same as that indicatedby R inthe diagram in Fig; 1'.- The core 92 of the said motor controllercontactis pivotallyattached at" 93' to thelever-arrn 94, pivoted at 95on the bracket 91-. The outer end-of the pivoted arm 94 has pivotallyattached thereto-at 96a contact-arm'97, which.

is adapted to engage with the fixed contact 98', 10c contained withinthe blow-out chute 99. The

contact-arm 97 is maintained in such a position relative to the pivotedarm '94 that it will yield against the action of the spring 100 whensaid contact-arm engages the fixed contact 98. to

Carried by the pivoted arm 94 is an insulatingblock 101, which hasmounted thereon spring contact-fingers cl, (if, d, anddi, the fixed endsof which are respectively connected with the contact-terminals 16, 15,53, and 28, respectively, on said block 101 and the free ends of whichare adapted to' engage the contacts 16,. 15, 53, and 28, respectively,mounted on the insulating-block I02, carried by the-bracket- 91. Thesaid spring-pressed fingersd'd' (PM. t 5

are so arranged that when the actuating-coil 88 of the contact isenergized so as to raise the core 92- the contact-fingers d andd" engagethe contacts 16 and 53 on block 102. re-

spectively, before the contact-fingers d and 20 (Z leave the contacts 15and 28 on block lO2, respectively, the last-mentioned contact fingersbeing in engagement with their respectii'e contacts 15 and 28 when thecoil 88 is decnergizcd, but moved out of engagement with 1 2 5 I saidcontacts when the said coil is energized. The operation of my improvedsystem of motor control is as follows: hen the mastercontrolling-switchC is moved into its lirstoperative position,(indicated by a" s'.) a control- 30 circuit is completed from. thetrolley or 001- contact-segments 9 and 8", contact-fingers 8" circuit'is completed from the contact-linger diately afterward the contact Rand the series l -'56, the actuatingcoil 4.6 of the underload- C ismoved into its second series position (inresistance r, c mtacts '35,resistance 1"", con- R causes said actuatirig-circuit to be broken atthe contacts 16, thus cutting the coil of tuating-coilof the contact S,auxiliary switch trolley or collector shoe T through the con- A circuitis also completed in shunt to the '13, controlled by the contact R,contacts 16,

lector shoe T through the contact-finger 9",

and 7, contact-segments 7 b and 6, contactfingers 6 and 5", train-wire4, conductor 51, actuating-coils of the contacts T T, resist ance '1",to ground at G; A second control- 5 through the contact-segments 5", 4",and 3", contact-finger 3", train-wire 2, contacts 50, ac-

41, conductor 52, actuating-coil of the contact R,contacts' 53,controlled by the motor-controller contact R conductor 54, resistance rcontacts 55, controlled by one of the: contacts T, to ground at G. Itwill thus be seen that the line-contacts T T are closed, and immecontact8' are closed to complete a circuit through the motors, as follows: fromthe tacts T 'l" in parallel, conductor or frame 5, contact R,resistance-sections 8, -9, and 10, maintaining-coil 42 of the relay E,motor M, contact S, motor M, to ground at G.

field of the motor M through the conductor relay K- to ground at G,thereby closing saidunderload-relay. The circuits remain as justdescribed until the master controlling-switch dicated by s s.) In saidsecond position an additional control-circuit-- viz., theactuatingcircuit for theresistaucc-varying contacts of the motor-'controller---is completcd't'rom the contact-fingen 3" through contact-linger 2,contact-segments 2" and 1", contact-linger 1, train-wire 1, contacts 45of the under-loadrelay K, contacts 44 of the relay E, actuatingcoil 43of said relay, conductor 57, contacts controlled by th contact R,through the actuating-coil of said contact RI, thence through thecontacts 31, resistance 1", contacts 33,

tacts 37, resistance 1-", contacts 39, resistance. '1', conductors 58and59 .to ground at '(ll thereby operating the contact R" of themotor-controller. The closing of the contact contact'R and the auxiliaryswitches attached thereto; but the relay E operates sufliciently rapidto open the actuating-circuit to prevent the contact R from operating.The operation of the contact R also opens at the contacts 53 themaintaining-circuit which was before traced, from the conductor 52through the actuating-coil of the contact R, through the contacts 53,operated by the contact R, to. ground at Gr and'immediately thereaftercuts its own'actuating-coil into the maintaining,- eircuit, which iscompleted as follows: from conductor 52, throughthe actuating-coil ofthecontact R,;the contacts 28, the actuatingcoil of the contact R, thencethrough the contacts'31, resistance r, &c., to ground at G j as beforetraced, or .provided the contact R has been operated by the completionof the actuating-circuit at the contacts 44 of 'relay E then through thecontacts 30, actuating:

coil of the contact R, contacts-33, resistance.

'1' to ground at G, as before described; The

auxiliary switches are so arranged, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, thatthecontaet-fingers and d engage the contacts 15"and 28, re-

. spectively, before the contact-fingered and (1',

leave the contacts 16 and'53, respectively,

The relay E is maintained in suchapos'itiou- .as to hold theactuating-circuit open aud'prevent the automatic progression of thecon-f troller-contacts so long as there 1s an excess of current flowingthrough the -maintaining-v coil 42 of said relay, which may be set torespond to different current values by adjusting the number'of weights85 that are 'added-to-the cor'e extension 7 5, Fig. 2. The relay is alsoretarded in its downward movement bythe'dash pot mechanism abovedescribed. After the con tact R is operatedby the closing of the relay Ethe relay is again opened and is'maintained in its open position untilthe current again falls to the desired amount 'in' the motor-circuit. Atthis time the said relay closes again and allows the next successivecontact R of the motor-controller to operate, the relay open-- ingimmediately thereafter, thus again breaking the actuating-circuit andchecking tempo rari-ly further progression of 'said R R", and R", areoperated successively and automatically'in a step-by-step manner. Thisprocess is called notching up, and the rate of acceleration of themotors maybe varied by varying the number of weights 85.andadjnsting-the dash-pot valve, thereby varyingcontacts. -'.l.hereforethe contacts, including the contacts the rapidity with which the relayEwilloperate to produce the successive .notching-up steps. Simultaneouslywith theoperatlon of the last contact of the. motor-contnollernamely,the contact 'l "'-the contacts '60 are bridged across by the auxiliaryswitch memher (I', carried by said contact R", in sucha manner as toallow the actuating-coil 47 of the multiple clnit-rolling-relay ll to beactuated when the master controlling-switch is moved into its nestoperative position namely, the multiple position. However, the relay Hcannot be operated until the master-controller is i moved into itsmultiple position. \Vhcn the master controlling-switch is moved into itslirst multiple position, (indicated by l" l",) the control-circuitthrough the-actuating coils of the linc-contacts T'q." is maintained asbefore. Instead of breaking the mam switch, it is broken at the contacts50 of the multiple controlling-relay H, thereby reducing arcing at themaster controlling-switch. The multiple controllingrelay H is operatedby the energization of a circuit which is completed as follows: from thecontact-linger 5 through contact-segments 5" and 4", contactlinger 4.train-wire 3, resistance 1", conductor 61, contacts 60, conductor 62,actuating-coil 47 of saidrelay Htconductor 59 to groundat trol-circuitat- 50 and completes' the parallel control-circuit at the'conlats49. IThe latter circuit may be traced as follows: fro'inthe train-wireB,tllrough'thecon tacts49, auxiliaryswitch 40. 'contmHedj by the seriescontacts,

actuating coils of the parallel contacts B P ance v", 'contacts55ftoground atG.- allel contacts P Pfand the contact R are therebyoperat'edand-the r'notorsare connectml in parallel, theci'rcuits through saidmotors being as follows: flOlIlt'iiBtlOllGMOl collector shoe T throughthecontacts'l" '1" in parallel to cond l e-- tor 5, thence throughcontact R, resistancesections 6 and 7,maintaining-eoil 42 ofthe relay E,motor M, one of the parallel contacts P to ground at G, also from-,theconnection through' the other contactjP and motor M" to ground atG'.Themultiple controlling-relay H is maintained by the coil 47 in theposition intowhich it is moved \vhenthe master-switch- C is movedintoits-patifll'el position.' The cir-.

cuit through said coil is maintai ncd th rouglrthe contacts 48 afterbeing broken at the contacts 60 by the opening of controller-contact R.The current for said maintaining-circuit flows from the train-wire 3,through the resistance 7, contacts 48, actuating-coil 47, conductor Y59, to ground at When the master-com trollingswitch C is moved into itslinal parallel position, (indicated by If 72,) the circuits as i justdescribed will be maintained and in addition an actuatingcontrol-circuit will ,be completed from the contact-finger 3, throughcontact-finger 2, contact-segments 2 and l", contact-finger l'f,train-wire 1, contacts 45 of the underload-relay K, contacts 44 of there? lay E, actuating-coil v43 of said relay, condoctor 57, contacts 14,controlled by contact 1 The said relay H breaks the series con-- t' themaintaining-circuit through the contacts 29, contacts 31, resistance1-", &c., to ground at G, as before described, .so'as to include 1 theactuating-coil of the controller-contact R in the maintaining-oircuit.The actuatingcircuit is opened at the contacts 18, but issimultaneously-closed at the "contacts 17, so as to cut theactuating-coil of R out of and insert the actuating-coil of R in theactuating-circuit, The successive operation of the heretofore described,the actuating-circuit being subjectgto the operation of the relay Ecompletecycleofoperations, first in series, then in-;parallel,will-always-take place even from its otfposition into its full-multiplepomulti'ple' position 1 f; p withouflpausing at the-series positions a",the multiplecontrolling-relay B would be operated automatically when thelast'contact of the motor-controller namely,r:1theshort-circuitingcontact R -is operated. The cycle of. operationsautomatically performed injs'uch case is-firstto close theline-contactswthen to 'put the-motors in series relation, successivelyoperate the resistance-varying.cbntacts of'thc controller to reduce theresistance in the motor-circuit, then to energize the multiplegoverning-relay thereby allowing a-ll-:the' contacts except theline-contacts .to. assume their initial position and open-circuit themotors, also to actuate wee-varying contacts successively to cut out theresistance cut -out. The entire cycle is subject to the automaticcontrol of the combined checking and overload relay E which interruptsthe actuating-circuit immediately after saidcircuit is completed andmaintains said actuating-circuit interrupted untilf'thc tainpredetermined limit.

By constructing the checking and overload relay as before described I amenabled to. produce a very efii'cient and sensitive device which ispositive inits action and may be adjusted to retard the acceleration ofthe mo contacts It, R", R, R", and R is as has been 7 as duringacceleration in series. The above though ,thezmaster-switch' is moveddirectly H so as tointerrupt the maintaining circuit,

current in-the motor-circuit falls below a cersition. If the motormanshould throw the .-,-.j handle;of 'the;-controlling =switch'iuto;fullconductor 63, actuating-coil of the contact i contacts 64',controlledby the actuating-coil of the contactR, through conductor 54,resjist- The par-' the parallel contacts, and thus place the mo: torsin-multiplc relation in circuit with the resistance, then to operate theparallel re istthe resistance from the motor circ uit, and finallyconnect the motors in parallel with all tors to any desired degree. Itwill be seen that the; said relay combines the function of twoindependent relays and is much more sensitive than two independentrelays, because it is merely necessary for the current in themotor-circuit to'increase'in strength sufiicient to maintain the relayin'its open position and does not require said c'urrent'to in-.

- crease to such a strehgth as would be necessary to operate thelrelayfrom its closed p.0- s tlon. ,The relay is opened by the energizatio'noff the actuating-coil 43, which itself is its own circuit. 15. Thecontroller-contacts R and R. which in the actuating-circuit and operatestoopen both act to shortcircuit the motor-circuit re sistance, areoperated in succession instead of simultaneously for the' purpose ofallowing 'the motors to reach a-speed corresponding-to 2d the finalseries position during-the automatic acceleration. through seriesandfparallel befOre the relay H operatesto connect the motors'jinparallel. The. underload-relay'K acts to open'the aca5 tuating-circuitwhenever the current'in the motor-circuit falls below a predeterminedamount'or there is an entire loss of voltage.

Its main function is to prevent therapidpro-f gres'sion of thecontroller-contacts ona car of 3 the train other than. the car uponwhich the maQter-controlle'ris being operated in case the.

- motor-circuit on that .car should become broken or interrupted byth'ejumping of the controller-shoe or the. loss of current due to the shoestriking someinsulating material on the power-conductor. Suppose the carillusitrated n Fig.1 is the second car of a train andthefinaster-controllers pn that car areiin their. off position and themaster-controller 4 on the first car is in such a position as toenergizc the train-wire 1, then if the motor-circuit entire second carbecomes interrupted and no underload-relay, such as K, is pro 'vided thecurrent from the first car will pass to the second car throughtrain-wire-l and energize the actuating-circuit of thefsecon'd car,andthe relay IE will open and closeas rapidly as the dash-potwill permitit, since the coil-42 is inoperative. The controller- I contacts willtherefore operate in relatively rapid successiom' so that when the motor"ii-,-

- cuit 'on the second car is again completed the said car will tend tomove much more rapidly than the first or other cars on the, train;

This condition is very undesirable,and"dangerous and is entirely avoidedby the use ,of .relayK. i

I aimto cover in the claims hereto appended all modifications andalterations which do 0 not involve a departure from the spirit and scopeof my invention.

What I claim as'new, and desire secure by Lettersi-Patent of the UnitedStates, is?

. 1. 1n ante ter-control systnnthe combiner. 5 tion of a. plurality ofactuating-coils controlling the contacts in the motor-circuit,actuating-and maintaining circuits for the actuating-coils, amaster-switch for, connecting and disconnecting said circuits and asource of supply of current, means adapted'to include 7.9 theactuating-coils in one of said circuits and to shift each coil when-ithas operatcdits contact to the other-cireuitfand an automaticswitch'actuatedby the current in the actuating-circuit and maintained inits actuated po. sition by means of the current, in'the motorcircuit,said automatic switch 'being adapted to'interrupt the actuating-circuit.I

2. In a motor-control systemgthc combina tionof a number-ofactuating-coils control- 'ling the contacts in the motor-circuit,actuating and maintaining circuits for these con-' tacts and anautomatic switch for interrupting the actuating-circuit actuated-Ly thecur: rent flowing through said actuating-circuit 5 and maintained in itsactuated position by the current in the motor-circuit; 5

3. In a'mo'torcontrol system, the combina- .tion'of a pluralityv ofactuating-coils controliing the contacts in the motor-circuit, actu'at 9ingand maintaining circuits for the -actuatin'g-eoils, meansadapted-toinclude the actuating-coilsimone of said circuits and to shiftieaclr actuating: coil whenfit-has operated its contact to the o'thercircuit, and=an automatic -swit.h forinterrupting; the actuating-circuitactuated rby the current in said actuating-circuit and maintainedin itsactuated position by the current iii the motor-circuit.

f1:;, In a motor control system, the combina-- 1 tionv of a pluralityof. actuating-coi ls.fcontrolhug contacts .in'the, motor-circuit,actuating f andma-intaining circuits for thes eactuating coils, meansadapted to include the actuatingcoils in one of said -circu'its andtoshift each I 5 "coil when. it has. operated its' contact to the othercircuitlahd a combined checking and overload, automatically -aetuatedrelay oper- 'ated by" the current flowing through the acmating-circuitto open said actuating-circuit, I I andmaintained inita operated"position by the current flowing through the motbr-circuit until thestrength of'thecurrent in the motorcircuit falls below a-predeterinin'edamount.

I 5. In a motor-control systema motor-con- ,1 5 troller oftheseparately-actuated contact type,

an actuating-circuit and a maintaining-circuit for the contacts of saidcontroller, a relay actuated by the current in the actuating-eh cuit andadapted to open said actuating-(zip I cuit and to be maintained in its'openposition by current in the motor-circuit, andan unclerload relayadapted to open'said actu atingcir- .c'uit when the current in 'themotor-circuit falls below a predetermined amount; 7 5

6. In a motor-control'system, the combination of a plurality -ofactuating-coils controlling the contactsinthe motoi eircuit, amaster-switch, a plurality of circuits from the.

master-switclrto the actuating-coils, part of 3 said circuits beingarranged to successively actuate said contacts, the other part of saidcircuits being arranged tomamtam said (3011-.

tacts after being actuatedtand an automatic switch actuated by thecurrent in said actuating-circuit to open said actuatingcircuit,

and means operativ-ely'connected to said an- Jtomatic switch andoperated by the current in the i motor-circuit for maintaining saidautomatic switch open .uhtil-the current in the motor circuit falls'belov a p'redetcrn'iined amount/f p l 7 lna motor-control system, thecombina tion with a plurality of successively-operatiug contacts, ofactuating-coils for said contacts, a multiplecontrolling-relay, anactuating-coil for'saidrelay, means actuated with one of saidfc'ontactsarranged'to control the circuit switch to prevent the operation of saidmulti-' ple controlling-relay until the master controlling-switch ismoved into one of its multiple positions.

9. In an automatically-accelerating motorcontrol system employing amotor-controller of the separately-actuated contact type, anactuating-circuitdaud an electromagnetic switch for openingsaidactuating-circuit to check the automatic p rogression'of thecontacts ot' the motor-controller, the contacts of said electromagneticswitch being connected in said actuatingci-rcuit in series with its ownactuating-coil, whereby when the electromagnetic switch is operated thecircuit through its actuating-coil is broken.

10, In an automatically accelcrating motorcontrol system: employing amotorcontrolier of the separately-actuated contact type, anactuating-circuit, an electromagnetic switch for opening saidactuating-circuit to check the automatic progression of the contacts orthe motor-controller, the contacts said switch" being connected in saidactuating circuit in' scrics with its own actuating-coll whereby whensaid switch is operated the circuit through its actuating-coil isbroken, and an overload-coil connected in the motor-circuit adapted to.

maintain said switch in its open position after its actuating-coil hasbeen (-lcenergizcd provided the current in the [Motor-circuit is at orabove a predetermined maximum and-to allow the said switch to close whenthe currentin the motor-circuit falls below the predetermined maximum.

11. In an automatical'ly-accelerating motor control system employing amotor-controller mating-circuit, an electromagnetic switch for openingsaid actuating-circuit to check the automatic progression of thecontacts of the switch being connected in said actuating-cirwherehy whensaid cuit through its actuating-coil is broken, an overload-coilconnected in the motor-circuit energized provided the currentinthemotorcircuit isat or above a predetermined maximum, and anunderload-rclay adapted to open said actuating-circuit when the currentin the motm-circuit drops below apredetermined maximum. i 12. In asystem of electric controhthe combination with amotor-circuit and meansfor varying the resistance in said motor-circuit, of a relay comprisinga coil, a core, contacts connected by in circuit withtheactuatingmoilo'r' said relay, the whole being constructed andarranged so that when the coil is energized the e'or e moves apredetermined distance before brcakingthe circuit through said coil.

13. In a system of electric control, the'combination with a. motor andmeans for varying by a lost-motion device with said core, andcontact-terminals with which said contacts engage, said cont zict-terminals being in circuit with the actuating-eoil of said relay,means for causing said contacts to open and close with a snap action,the whole being constructed and arranged so that when the coil isenergized the coremoves a predetermined diss coil.

141 In a system of electric control, the com: bination with amotor-circuit and means for varying the resistance in saidmotor-circuit, of a relay comprising a coil, a core, contacts iconnected by afl wtmotion, device with said core, contact-terminals withwhich said concn'cuit through said coil, and means independ ent of theactuating-coil fonmaintnining'stid' contacts in their l tuating-coil hasbeen deen'ergized.

motor-controller,- the actuating-coilof said cuit in seriesuwith thecontacts of the switch switch is operated the cira lost-motion devicewith'said core, and contact-terminals with which-saidcontaets engage,said contact-termii'ialsv beingtance before breaking the circuit throughsaid tacts engage, said contact-terminals, being incircuit with theactuating-coil of said relay, the whole being constructed and arrangedwthat when the coil is energized the commerce a predetermined distancebefore breaking the;

open position after said no.

ot the separately-actuated contact type, an ac--- and adapted tomaintain said switch in its open posltlon after its actuating-coil hasbeen dethe resistance in said motor-circuit, of'a relay comprising acoil. a core, contacts connected 5 15, In a system of electric control,the combination with a motor-circuit and means for varyingthe resistance in said motor-circuit,

oia relay comprising a coil, acore, contacts connected ,by a lost-motiondevice with said core,' conta'ct-trminals with which saidcontactsjeii'gag'e, said contact-terminals being in Ycircuit 'with theaetuating-coil of said relay, the whole being constructed and arrangedso that when the coil is energized the core moves a. predetermineddistance before breaking the circuit through said coil, and amagnet-coil connected in -,.the motor circuit adapted to maintain saidcontacts in their open position after said actuating coil has beendeenergized whenever an excess of current flows through saidmotor-circuit.

16." A relay comprising an actuating-coil, movable contacts'operated bysaid actuatingcoil, contacts in circuit with the said actuating-coilengaged by said movable contacts,

ment and means for allowing a free opening movement but retarding theclosing movement of said movable contacts.

17. A relay comprising an actuating-coil,

movable contacts operated by said actuating coil, contacts in circuitwith the said actuating-coil engaged byi'pllid movablecontacts, and'adash-pot for allowing a free opening movement but retarding the. closingmoveof=saidmvable contacts J 183A lay comprising an ee'tuating coil,movabl go'litacts operated by sigdfactuatingcoil, contacts in circuitwith'the said actuat- -z dashpot for allowing-a free openingmoveing-coil engaged by said movable contacts, a

ment'but retarding the closing movement of said movablecontacts, and anindependent coil for holding said contacts open. Y

19. A relay comprising an actuating-coil;

- 3 core','-movable contacts connected with said -command operated bysaid actuating-coil, contao'ts'in circuit with the said actuating'coilen- I wgaged by said-movable contacts, and means for allowing a 'freeopening movement but re- "tarding the closing movement of said core,

said means comprising a dash-pot the cylinder of which is surrounded bythe actuating-coil the plunger of which is operatively retothe core, andan adjustable valve in said cylinder.

20. A relay'eomprising an actuating-coil, a core, movable.contactsconneeted with said core and operated by said actuating-coil;con-' tactsin circuit with the said actuating-coil with which s'aidmovable contacts engage, and

inans for allowing a free opening movement but retarding the closingmovement of said core, said means comprising adash-pot which is formedof the cylinder on which the coil is mounted and a plunger attached tosaid core, said plunger being provided with a graphite bushing. I

21. A relay comprisingan actuatingc0il, a cylinder on which said coil ismounted, movable contacts operated by said actuating-coil, contacts withwhich said movable contacts engage, a core. forming the plunger of adashpot and operating. within said cylinder, and

an'adjustable valve in said dash-pot cylinder which allows a freeopening movement but acts to retard the closing movement of saidcontacts- 2'2. A relay comprising an actuating-coil, a cylinder on whichsaid coil is mounted, movable contacts operated by said actuating-coil,

contacts with which said movable contacts engage, a core forming theplunger of a dashpot and operating within said cylinder, an adjustablevalve in said dash-pot cylinder which allows a free opening movement butacts to retard the closing movement of said contacts, and means wherebysaid movable contacts when nearly closed close with a snap action.

23. A relay comprising an actuating-coil, a'

cylinder on which said coil is mounted, movable contacts operated bysaid actuating-coil, contacts in circuit with said actuating-coil withwhich said movable contacts engage ,a-

core forming the plunger of a dash-pot and operating within saidcylinder, an adjustable valve in said dash-pot cylindr which allows afree opening movement but acts to retard the closing movement of saidcontacts, and a maintaining-coil independent of said actuat ing-coiladapted to hold said contacts in their open position when an excess ofcurrentflows through said maintaining-coil.

24. A relay comprising an actuating-coil,

movable contacts operated bysaid actuatingcoil, contacts in circuit withthe actuatingeoil-engaged by said movable contacts, a maintaining-coiladapted to hold said contacts in the open position provided thecurrentin said maintaining-coil isabove a predetermined

